Bible Daily

Exploring the Biblical Implications of 'It Is Finished'

Introduction

The phrase "It is finished" (in Greek, "τετέλεσται" or "tetelestai") is one of the last words Jesus Christ spoke from the cross before His death, as recorded in the Gospel of John 19:30. These words carry immense weight in Christian theology, symbolizing the completion of Jesus' earthly mission, the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies, and the pivotal moment of redemption for humanity. This article aims to explore the multifaceted implications of this declaration, examining its theological, spiritual, and practical significance for believers today.

The Historical and Cultural Context

Understanding the phrase "It is finished" requires a dive into the historical and cultural context of first-century Palestine:

  • Language and Usage: The word "tetelestai" was commonly used in various contexts in Greek-speaking areas. It was a term used by merchants to indicate that a debt had been paid in full, by artists to signify that a work was completed, and by servants to show that a task was finished.

  • Religious Significance: In the Jewish tradition, the completion of the sacrificial system was crucial. The phrase could be seen as an announcement that the ultimate sacrifice had been made, fulfilling the need for further sacrifices.

  • Roman Context: Under Roman law, when a condemned person's sentence was carried out, the term could signify that justice had been served, the punishment was completed.

Theological Implications

The theological implications of "It is finished" are profound:

1. Fulfillment of Prophecy

Jesus' declaration marks the culmination of numerous Old Testament prophecies:

  • Isaiah 53: This chapter vividly describes the suffering servant, whose death would atone for the sins of many. Jesus' words signify that this prophecy has now been fulfilled.

  • Daniel 9:24-27: This passage speaks of an anointed one who would make an end to sin, atone for iniquity, and bring in everlasting righteousness. Jesus' statement confirms that this time has come.

2. Completion of the Work of Salvation

  • Atonement: The act of Jesus' death on the cross was the final atonement for sin. No more sacrifices were needed as Jesus became the ultimate and perfect sacrifice.

  • Reconciliation: Through His death, Jesus reconciled humanity to God, removing the barrier of sin that separated them.

3. The Victory Over Sin and Death

  • Sin: Jesus' death defeated the power of sin. His words signify that the dominion of sin over humanity has been broken.

  • Death: The resurrection following His death demonstrates His victory over death, providing believers with the hope of eternal life.

Spiritual Transformation

1. Personal Transformation

  • Forgiveness: Believers are forgiven through Christ's sacrifice, which was completed on the cross. This forgiveness is not just a legal acquittal but a transformative process where one's heart is changed.

  • New Life: The phrase signifies the beginning of a new life in Christ, where old things pass away, and all things become new (2 Corinthians 5:17).

2. Community and Church

  • Unity: The finished work of Christ unites believers, breaking down walls of division, as described in Ephesians 2:14-16.

  • Mission: The church's mission is now to proclaim this finished work, spreading the good news of redemption and reconciliation.

Practical Implications for Believers

1. Living in the Light of "It Is Finished"

  • Freedom from Guilt: Knowing that Christ has paid the full price for sin, believers can live free from the guilt and condemnation of their past.

  • Motivation for Holiness: The finished work of Christ inspires believers to live a life that reflects this profound gift, striving for holiness and righteousness.

2. Engagement with the World

  • Service: The completion of Christ's work empowers Christians to serve others, mirroring the sacrificial love of Jesus.

  • Evangelism: The message of "It is finished" is the core of the Gospel, urging believers to share this transformative truth with others.

Conclusion

The declaration "It is finished" by Jesus Christ from the cross is not merely a historical statement but a theological cornerstone. It encapsulates the completion of God's redemptive plan, the fulfillment of divine prophecy, and the beginning of a new covenant with humanity. This phrase invites believers into a life of forgiveness, transformation, and mission, reflecting the profound love and sacrifice of Jesus. As we ponder these words, we are reminded of the depth of God's love for us and the call to live out this truth in our daily lives, spreading the message of redemption and hope to a world in need.