Sharpening Each Other: The Biblical Call to Influence and Be Influenced

In the Book of Proverbs, King Solomon, renowned for his wisdom, offers a wealth of guidance through poetic and symbolic language. One of his well-known sayings is, “As iron sharpens iron, so one person sharpens another” (Proverbs 27:17). This metaphor, while simple, holds profound implications for how Christians should interact with one another.

Understanding the Context of Proverbs 27:17

Proverbs, part of the Old Testament, is a collection of wise sayings, many attributed to Solomon. This particular verse is nestled among other proverbs that discuss the dynamics of human relationships, the value of honesty, and the consequences of our actions:

“Let another praise you, and not your own mouth; a stranger, and not your own lips” (Proverbs 27:2).
“Better is open rebuke than hidden love” (Proverbs 27:5).
“As in water face reflects face, so the heart of man reflects the man” (Proverbs 27:19).

These verses underscore the importance of mutual influence and the refining effect of interpersonal relationships.

Interpreting "Iron Sharpens Iron"

The analogy of iron sharpening iron refers to the ancient practice of maintaining tools and weapons. Iron, being a common material for tools in Solomon's time, would be sharpened by being ground against another piece of iron or a harder material. This process not only sharpens but also refines the metal, removing imperfections.

In the context of human relationships, this means:

Encouragement and Correction: Just as iron is sharpened, individuals can refine each other through encouragement, correction, and honest feedback. This aligns with New Testament teachings like, “Therefore encourage one another and build one another up” (1 Thessalonians 5:11).
Mutual Growth: Both parties in the sharpening process are affected. When believers engage with each other, both are challenged to grow in their faith, understanding, and relationship with God.

However, some scholars, like Ronald Giese, propose a more cautionary interpretation, suggesting that the sharpening might also refer to negative influences or confrontations where the intent is harmful, as seen in Ezekiel 21:9-10 where a sword is sharpened for slaughter.

Biblical Examples of Mutual Strengthening

The New Testament emphasizes the importance of believers supporting each other:

“Let no corrupting talk come out of your mouths, but only such as is good for building up” (Ephesians 4:29).
“But exhort one another every day, as long as it is called ‘today,’ that none of you may be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin” (Hebrews 3:13).

These teachings encourage a community where members actively participate in each other's spiritual growth, offering support, prayer, and correction when necessary.

Applying "Iron Sharpens Iron" in Modern Times

Today, Christians can apply this principle by:

Engaging in Community: Through church activities, small groups, or personal relationships, believers can share, learn, and grow together.
Being Available: Offering time, energy, and resources to help others, which fosters trust and allows for deeper, more meaningful interactions.
Guarding Against Negative Influence: Being mindful of the company one keeps, ensuring that relationships are edifying rather than detrimental.

In essence, Proverbs 27:17 invites believers to actively participate in a cycle of mutual refinement, recognizing that our interactions can either sharpen or dull the spiritual edge of those around us. Whether viewed as a call to positive influence or a warning against negative impacts, this verse underscores the profound effect of community in the Christian life.